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Methodology

The Department of Public Policy at the University of Connecticut was commissioned by The John S. and James L. Knight Foundation to conduct this study of high school students, faculty, and administrators at a representative sample of high schools across the country.  The goal of the study was to assess whether a relationship exists between the presence and nature of media programs in high schools and levels of appreciation and knowledge of First Amendment rights.  The data collection for this project occurred in 2004.

The study involved the administration of questionnaires in a scientifically selected sample of high schools around the country.  Questions were rigorously tested to ensure that all respondents would understand each question the same way.  Four high school-based populations were surveyed with a unique questionnaire.  These populations included students, teachers, principals, and school buildings.  For the school building survey, the principal identified the most appropriate administrator at the school to answer questions about characteristics of the school building.

The survey consisted of a multi-stage cluster sampling design conducted in two stages across three separate units of analysis: schools, students, and faculty.  Four separate surveys were administered.  Initially, a survey was administered to a random sample of 544 separate high school buildings around the country.   In the second wave of the study, 327 of the initial set of school buildings completed a more intensive level of data collection.  In these schools, separate surveys were administered to principals, faculty, and students.  The samples of schools, school principals, teachers, school administrators, and high school students are representative of the populations from which they were drawn.  In total, over 112,000 students, nearly 8,000 teachers, and 327 principals completed the surveys.

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